History: What gives a sound color?

What gives a sound color?

• The combination of many sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes, and phases, all of which change over time.
  Correct!
• The surrounding of many inharmonic waves around a single area.
  Formants do give the sound some color, but some sounds don't have formants.
• The combination of many sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes, and spectrums, all of which change over time.
  Sine waves do not have unique spectrums, individually.
• The combination of many sine waves with different frequencies, all of which change over time.
  This is partially true...